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	According to [Debian docs](https://wiki.debian.org/DebianRepository/UseThirdParty): > The certificate MUST NOT be placed in /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d or loaded by apt-key add. > ... > If future updates to the certificate will be managed by an apt/dpkg package as recommended below, then it SHOULD be downloaded into /usr/share/keyrings using the same filename that will be provided by the package. If it will be managed locally , it SHOULD be downloaded into /etc/apt/keyrings instead. > ... > A sources.list entry SHOULD have the signed-by option set.
		
			
				
	
	
		
			130 lines
		
	
	
	
		
			4.5 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
			
		
		
	
	
			130 lines
		
	
	
	
		
			4.5 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			Markdown
		
	
	
	
	
	
| ---
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| date: "2023-01-07T00:00:00+00:00"
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| title: "Debian 软件包注册表"
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| slug: "debian"
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| draft: false
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| toc: false
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| menu:
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|   sidebar:
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|     parent: "packages"
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|     name: "Debian"
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|     sidebar_position: 35
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|     identifier: "debian"
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| ---
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| 
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| # Debian 软件包注册表
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| 
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| 为您的用户或组织发布 [Debian](https://www.debian.org/distrib/packages) 软件包。
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| 
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| ## 要求
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| 
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| 要使用 Debian 注册表,您需要使用类似于 `curl` 的 HTTP 客户端进行上传,并使用类似于 `apt` 的软件包管理器消费软件包。
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| 
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| 以下示例使用 `apt`。
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| 
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| ## 配置软件包注册表
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| 
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| 要注册 Debian 注册表,请将 URL 添加到已知 `apt` 源列表中:
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| 
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| ```shell
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| echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/gitea-{owner}.asc] https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/{owner}/debian {distribution} {component}" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/gitea.list
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| ```
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| 
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| | 占位符         | 描述           |
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| | -------------- | -------------- |
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| | `owner`        | 软件包的所有者 |
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| | `distribution` | 要使用的发行版 |
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| | `component`    | 要使用的组件   |
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| 
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| 如果注册表是私有的,请在 URL 中提供凭据。您可以使用密码或[个人访问令牌](development/api-usage.md#通过-api-认证):
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| 
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| ```shell
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| echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/gitea-{owner}.asc] https://{username}:{your_password_or_token}@gitea.example.com/api/packages/{owner}/debian {distribution} {component}" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/gitea.list
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| ```
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| 
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| Debian 注册表文件使用 PGP 密钥进行签名,`apt` 必须知道该密钥:
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| 
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| ```shell
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| sudo curl https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/{owner}/debian/repository.key -o /etc/apt/keyrings/gitea-{owner}.asc
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| ```
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| 
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| 然后更新本地软件包索引:
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| 
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| ```shell
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| apt update
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| ```
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| 
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| ## 发布软件包
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| 
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| 要发布一个 Debian 软件包(`*.deb`),执行 HTTP `PUT` 操作,并将软件包内容放入请求主体中。
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| 
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| ```
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| PUT https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/{owner}/debian/pool/{distribution}/{component}/upload
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| ```
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| 
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| | 参数           | 描述                                                  |
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| | -------------- | ----------------------------------------------------- |
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| | `owner`        | 软件包的所有者                                        |
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| | `distribution` | 发行版,可能与操作系统的发行版名称匹配,例如 `bionic` |
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| | `component`    | 组件,可用于分组软件包,或仅为 `main` 或类似的组件。  |
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| 
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| 使用 HTTP 基本身份验证的示例请求:
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| 
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| ```shell
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| curl --user your_username:your_password_or_token \
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|      --upload-file path/to/file.deb \
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|      https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/testuser/debian/pool/bionic/main/upload
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| ```
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| 
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| 如果您使用 2FA 或 OAuth,请使用[个人访问令牌](development/api-usage.md#通过-api-认证)替代密码。
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| 您无法向软件包中多次发布具有相同名称的文件。您必须首先删除现有的软件包版本。
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| 
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| 服务器将使用以下 HTTP 状态代码进行响应。
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| 
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| | HTTP 状态码       | 意义                                     |
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| | ----------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
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| | `201 Created`     | 软件包已发布                             |
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| | `400 Bad Request` | 软件包名称、版本、发行版、组件或架构无效 |
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| | `409 Conflict`    | 具有相同参数组合的软件包文件已经存在     |
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| 
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| ## 删除软件包
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| 
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| 要删除 Debian 软件包,请执行 HTTP `DELETE` 操作。如果没有文件留下,这将同时删除软件包版本。
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| 
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| ```
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| DELETE https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/{owner}/debian/pool/{distribution}/{component}/{package_name}/{package_version}/{architecture}
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| ```
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| 
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| | 参数              | 描述           |
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| | ----------------- | -------------- |
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| | `owner`           | 软件包的所有者 |
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| | `package_name`    | 软件包名称     |
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| | `package_version` | 软件包版本     |
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| | `distribution`    | 软件包发行版   |
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| | `component`       | 软件包组件     |
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| | `architecture`    | 软件包架构     |
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| 
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| 使用 HTTP 基本身份验证的示例请求:
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| 
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| ```shell
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| curl --user your_username:your_token_or_password -X DELETE \
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|      https://gitea.example.com/api/packages/testuser/debian/pools/bionic/main/test-package/1.0.0/amd64
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| ```
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| 
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| 服务器将使用以下 HTTP 状态代码进行响应。
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| 
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| | HTTP 状态码      | 含义               |
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| | ---------------- | ------------------ |
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| | `204 No Content` | 成功               |
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| | `404 Not Found`  | 找不到软件包或文件 |
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| 
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| ## 安装软件包
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| 
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| 要从 Debian 注册表安装软件包,请执行以下命令:
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| 
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| ```shell
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| # use latest version
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| apt install {package_name}
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| # use specific version
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| apt install {package_name}={package_version}
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| ```
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